1. What is LAN?
Local Area Network is connecting computers and other Devices together within a small geographic area.
2.What is an IP address
IP: Internet Protocol. In a network Each Device must know its own address to communicate with other Devices. So IP is a numerical value to identify a purticuler device.
3.What is a MAC Address
Media Access Control . It's a Hardware address or a Physical address , that unicly Identify each device, on a LAN. asd
4.What is a NIC
network interface card: expansion cards that plug into a computer to Provide MAC address to a PC.
5.What is a subnet mask
A subnet mask allows you to identify which part of an IP address is reserved for the network, and which part is available for host use.it is a 32-bit number that masks an IP address, and divides the IP address into network address and host address.
6.Default Gateway
A gateway is a device on a network that acts as an entrance to another network. The Defauly gateway is router address of your network.
7.difference between a Hub and a Switch and router
Hub:
Layer 1 Device.
done only brodcast.
less intelligent device.
used only on small network.
Switch:
Layer2 Device.
It will do Unicast, multicast and flooding.
it's a intellegent Device compare to HUB.
switch work on mac address/layer2 address
Used in meadium networks.
Router:
Layer3 Device
it's a High intellegent Device.
it's work on IP address.
it is used on WAN technologies/ used to connect 2 diffrent networks.
8.multicast, brodcast,unicast
Unicast: packets are sent from host to host. The communication is from a single host to another single host.
Broadcast : when a single device is transmitting a message to all other devices in a given address range. This broadcast could reach all hosts on the subnet.
Multicast: enables a single device to communicate with a specific set of hosts.
9.difference Between an Intranet and the Internet
The Internet is quite literally open to everyone with an internet connection, an Intranet usually resides on a LAN or local area network Generally an Intranet will be faster than the Intrnet, due to local servers and less users.
10.what is the difference between 32 bit os and 64 bit os
The main difference between a 32 bit and 64 is that 32 bit system has 4gb(gigabytes) of space for addressing means that the 32 bit system has a limit of 4GB RAM to process data where as the 64 bit operating system has 2^64 bits of space to address and supports 16 hexabytes of RAM to process data.
11.Differences Between FAT/NTFS
NTFS :
allows access local to w2k w2k3 XP win NT4 with SP4 & later may get access for somefile.Maximum size of partition is 2 Terabytes & more.Maximum File size is upto 16TB.File & folder Encryption is possible only in NTFS.
FAT32 :
Fat 32 Allows access to win 95 98 win millenium win2k xp on local partition.Maximum size of partition is upto 2 TB.Maximum File size is upto 4 GB.File & folder Encryption is not possible.
12.How to convert FAT32 To NTFS
if u convert C: drive then
go to command prompt type
c:\>CONVERT C: /FS:NTFS
13.what is a Domian
A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures. Within the Internet, domains are defined by the IP address. All devices sharing a common part of the IP address are said to be in the same domain.
Group of devices/clints under the control of a single computer system.
14.What is DC
Domain Controller is a system that is responsible for allowing host access to domain resources. It stores user account information and authenticates users and enforces security policy for a Windows domain.
15.What is Active Directory
Active Directory is a database that keeps track of all the user accounts and passwords in your organization. It allows you to store your user accounts and passwords in one protected location, improving your organization's security.
Active Directory Services is a centralizied hyrarchial database where it gives User logon authentication Sharing of Files and printer in a network.
16.difference between a workgroup and a domain
In domain model centralised administration is there, but in workgroup there is no centralised administration
17.major advantages of working in a domain model
domain model is centralised administration so it's very easy to administrate. Domains are very scalable while increasing the number of computers and users, butin a workgroup it could be a lot of work.
18. what is the function of DHCP
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is used to assign ip's autometically.
19. what is DHCP clint process or DORA Process
D :Discover
O :Offer
R :Request
A :Acknowledgement
DISCOVER:When a client is configured with the ip setting to obtain Ip address automatically. Then the client will search for DHCP server send a brodcast message. That message can recieved by a DHCP server.
OFFER: DHCP Server will offers a scope of ip address available in the pool.
REQUEST: In response to the offer, the Client will requests for an ip address.
ACKNOWLEDGE:In response to the request, server will responds with all Ip address. with ACK packet.
20.What is DNS Main Function
DNS or Domain Name Server is were a computer or internet connected device goes to find the the numerical address of a URL. Without a way to turn www.anysite.com into numerical address. you would have no need to the direct address (numerical address) of every website you want to visit.
21.What is WINS server? where we use WINS server? difference between DNS and WINS
WINS is windows internet name service who is use for resolved the NetBIOS(computer name)name to IP address.This is proprietary for Windows.You can use in LAN. DNS is a Domain Naming System, which resolves Host names to IP addresses. It uses fully qualified domain names. DNS is an Internet standard used to resolve host names.
22.difference between windows 2000 server and 2003 server
23.What is ARP
24.What is APIPA
25.what is NAT
26.what is VPN
27.What is LDAP
28..What is the SYSVOL folder
The sysVOL folder stores the server's copy of the domain's public files. The contents such as group policy, users etc of the sysvol folder are replicated to all domain controllers in the domain. The sysvol folder must be located on an NTFS volume.
29.difference between TCP and UDP
30.What is ICMP
31.what is a protocol
Protocol is a standard way of communicating across a network. A protocol is the "language" of the network. It is a method by which two dissimilar systems can communicate. TCP is a protocol which runs over a network.
32.what is port
33.Telnet
34.SMTP
35.POP3
36.Diff between POP3& IMAP
37.Bridge vs switch
38.What is firewall
39.PPP
Point to Point protocol helps communication between 2 computers over a serial cable, phone line or other fiber optic lines. E.g. Connection between an Internet Service Provider and a host. PPP also provides authentication. PPP operates by sending Request packets and waiting for Acknowledge packets that accept, reject or try to change the request. The protocol is also used to negotiate on network address or compression options between the nodes.
40.FTP
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. Like the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which transfers displayable Web pages and related files, and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), which transfers e-mail, FTP is an application protocol that uses the Internet's TCP/IP protocols. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet. It's also commonly used to download programs and other files to your computer from other servers.
41.cat cables types
42.color coding cross
1. White/Orange - 1. White/Green
2. Orange - 2. Green
3. White/Green - 3. White/Orange
4. Blue - 4. White/Brown
5. White/Blue - 5. Brown
6. Green - 6. Orange
7. White/Brown - 7. Blue
8. Brown - 8. White/Blue
43.NTDS folder
44.RAID
45How do you backup&restore AD
46. about Class A, Class B , Class C
Class A: 1 and end at 127.
Class B: 128 and end at 191.
Class C:192 and end at 223.
Class D and E: Classes D and E are not allocated to hosts.
Class D addresses are used for multicasting, and class E addresses are not available for general use: they are reserved for future purposes.
Local Area Network is connecting computers and other Devices together within a small geographic area.
2.What is an IP address
IP: Internet Protocol. In a network Each Device must know its own address to communicate with other Devices. So IP is a numerical value to identify a purticuler device.
3.What is a MAC Address
Media Access Control . It's a Hardware address or a Physical address , that unicly Identify each device, on a LAN. asd
4.What is a NIC
network interface card: expansion cards that plug into a computer to Provide MAC address to a PC.
5.What is a subnet mask
A subnet mask allows you to identify which part of an IP address is reserved for the network, and which part is available for host use.it is a 32-bit number that masks an IP address, and divides the IP address into network address and host address.
6.Default Gateway
A gateway is a device on a network that acts as an entrance to another network. The Defauly gateway is router address of your network.
7.difference between a Hub and a Switch and router
Hub:
Layer 1 Device.
done only brodcast.
less intelligent device.
used only on small network.
Switch:
Layer2 Device.
It will do Unicast, multicast and flooding.
it's a intellegent Device compare to HUB.
switch work on mac address/layer2 address
Used in meadium networks.
Router:
Layer3 Device
it's a High intellegent Device.
it's work on IP address.
it is used on WAN technologies/ used to connect 2 diffrent networks.
8.multicast, brodcast,unicast
Unicast: packets are sent from host to host. The communication is from a single host to another single host.
Broadcast : when a single device is transmitting a message to all other devices in a given address range. This broadcast could reach all hosts on the subnet.
Multicast: enables a single device to communicate with a specific set of hosts.
9.difference Between an Intranet and the Internet
The Internet is quite literally open to everyone with an internet connection, an Intranet usually resides on a LAN or local area network Generally an Intranet will be faster than the Intrnet, due to local servers and less users.
10.what is the difference between 32 bit os and 64 bit os
The main difference between a 32 bit and 64 is that 32 bit system has 4gb(gigabytes) of space for addressing means that the 32 bit system has a limit of 4GB RAM to process data where as the 64 bit operating system has 2^64 bits of space to address and supports 16 hexabytes of RAM to process data.
11.Differences Between FAT/NTFS
NTFS :
allows access local to w2k w2k3 XP win NT4 with SP4 & later may get access for somefile.Maximum size of partition is 2 Terabytes & more.Maximum File size is upto 16TB.File & folder Encryption is possible only in NTFS.
FAT32 :
Fat 32 Allows access to win 95 98 win millenium win2k xp on local partition.Maximum size of partition is upto 2 TB.Maximum File size is upto 4 GB.File & folder Encryption is not possible.
12.How to convert FAT32 To NTFS
if u convert C: drive then
go to command prompt type
c:\>CONVERT C: /FS:NTFS
13.what is a Domian
A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures. Within the Internet, domains are defined by the IP address. All devices sharing a common part of the IP address are said to be in the same domain.
Group of devices/clints under the control of a single computer system.
14.What is DC
Domain Controller is a system that is responsible for allowing host access to domain resources. It stores user account information and authenticates users and enforces security policy for a Windows domain.
15.What is Active Directory
Active Directory is a database that keeps track of all the user accounts and passwords in your organization. It allows you to store your user accounts and passwords in one protected location, improving your organization's security.
Active Directory Services is a centralizied hyrarchial database where it gives User logon authentication Sharing of Files and printer in a network.
16.difference between a workgroup and a domain
In domain model centralised administration is there, but in workgroup there is no centralised administration
17.major advantages of working in a domain model
domain model is centralised administration so it's very easy to administrate. Domains are very scalable while increasing the number of computers and users, butin a workgroup it could be a lot of work.
18. what is the function of DHCP
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is used to assign ip's autometically.
19. what is DHCP clint process or DORA Process
D :Discover
O :Offer
R :Request
A :Acknowledgement
DISCOVER:When a client is configured with the ip setting to obtain Ip address automatically. Then the client will search for DHCP server send a brodcast message. That message can recieved by a DHCP server.
OFFER: DHCP Server will offers a scope of ip address available in the pool.
REQUEST: In response to the offer, the Client will requests for an ip address.
ACKNOWLEDGE:In response to the request, server will responds with all Ip address. with ACK packet.
20.What is DNS Main Function
DNS or Domain Name Server is were a computer or internet connected device goes to find the the numerical address of a URL. Without a way to turn www.anysite.com into numerical address. you would have no need to the direct address (numerical address) of every website you want to visit.
21.What is WINS server? where we use WINS server? difference between DNS and WINS
WINS is windows internet name service who is use for resolved the NetBIOS(computer name)name to IP address.This is proprietary for Windows.You can use in LAN. DNS is a Domain Naming System, which resolves Host names to IP addresses. It uses fully qualified domain names. DNS is an Internet standard used to resolve host names.
22.difference between windows 2000 server and 2003 server
23.What is ARP
24.What is APIPA
25.what is NAT
26.what is VPN
27.What is LDAP
28..What is the SYSVOL folder
The sysVOL folder stores the server's copy of the domain's public files. The contents such as group policy, users etc of the sysvol folder are replicated to all domain controllers in the domain. The sysvol folder must be located on an NTFS volume.
29.difference between TCP and UDP
30.What is ICMP
31.what is a protocol
Protocol is a standard way of communicating across a network. A protocol is the "language" of the network. It is a method by which two dissimilar systems can communicate. TCP is a protocol which runs over a network.
32.what is port
33.Telnet
34.SMTP
35.POP3
36.Diff between POP3& IMAP
37.Bridge vs switch
38.What is firewall
39.PPP
Point to Point protocol helps communication between 2 computers over a serial cable, phone line or other fiber optic lines. E.g. Connection between an Internet Service Provider and a host. PPP also provides authentication. PPP operates by sending Request packets and waiting for Acknowledge packets that accept, reject or try to change the request. The protocol is also used to negotiate on network address or compression options between the nodes.
40.FTP
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. Like the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which transfers displayable Web pages and related files, and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), which transfers e-mail, FTP is an application protocol that uses the Internet's TCP/IP protocols. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet. It's also commonly used to download programs and other files to your computer from other servers.
41.cat cables types
42.color coding cross
1. White/Orange - 1. White/Green
2. Orange - 2. Green
3. White/Green - 3. White/Orange
4. Blue - 4. White/Brown
5. White/Blue - 5. Brown
6. Green - 6. Orange
7. White/Brown - 7. Blue
8. Brown - 8. White/Blue
43.NTDS folder
44.RAID
45How do you backup&restore AD
46. about Class A, Class B , Class C
Class A: 1 and end at 127.
Class B: 128 and end at 191.
Class C:192 and end at 223.
Class D and E: Classes D and E are not allocated to hosts.
Class D addresses are used for multicasting, and class E addresses are not available for general use: they are reserved for future purposes.
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